Aquaculture Fisheries Development : Artificial feed is the feed created by humans for fish from domestic various kinds of raw materials nutrients have a well according to the needs of fish and in making very consider the nature and size of fish. Artificial feed made by people to anticipate shortage of feed derived from
the continuity of natural production can not be ascertained. With expected to create artificial feed the amount of feed required by fish will be fulfilled at any time.
Artificial feed good quality must meet the criteria as:
Nutrient · feed primarily protein must be in accordance with the needs fishing
· Diameter must be smaller feed the size of the fish's mouth opening
· Feed easily digested Nutritional feed
· easy absorbed by the body
· Having a sense of the favored fish
· Low ash content
· High effectiveness rate
Prior to making fish must be understood first on the types of feed which can be given to the fish
cultivation. Grouping of species fish feed can be made based on the form, based on water content, based on sources and based on contribution to the growth fish. The types of artificial feed based on other forms of are:
1. Form solution
Used as feed larval fish (ages 2 to 20 days). There are 2 kinds of solution, namely:
1) Emulsion, material together with water soluble solvent;
2) Suspension, materials not dissolved together with water solvent.
Shape This solution is usually given when the larvae with composition of raw materials main duck egg yolk or chicken with the additional vitamins and minerals.
2. Form of flour / meals
Used as the larvae feed until the seeds (aged 2-40 days). Flour obtained from the crumbs are destroyed or made the composition of the various sources of raw materials such as develop feed formulations, and usually given to the larvae until seed fish.
3. Form of grain / granules.
Seeds used as feed log (age 40-80 days). Meal also obtained from the crumb destroyed or made equal such as making the feed formulation full and shape made into granules.
4. Form crumbs / crumble.
Used as feed large log / fish responsibility (80-120 days old). Crumbs from pellets of crushed into granules rough.
5. Sheets / Flake.
Ordinary given in ornamental fish or marine fish and made of various materials tailored to the needs and at the time will be established can use the equipment printer to form sheets or simply by how to make the composition of feed then the composition of the various raw materials is made emulsion is then laid on the mat aluminum or zinc and dried, then knead.
6. Form of pellets sink / sinking.
Used for activities Freshwater fish rearing and sea water fish a habit of behavior behavior of the fish to swim in the waters.
Artificial feed good quality must meet the criteria as:
Nutrient · feed primarily protein must be in accordance with the needs fishing
· Diameter must be smaller feed the size of the fish's mouth opening
· Feed easily digested Nutritional feed
· easy absorbed by the body
· Having a sense of the favored fish
· Low ash content
· High effectiveness rate
Prior to making fish must be understood first on the types of feed which can be given to the fish
cultivation. Grouping of species fish feed can be made based on the form, based on water content, based on sources and based on contribution to the growth fish. The types of artificial feed based on other forms of are:
1. Form solution
Used as feed larval fish (ages 2 to 20 days). There are 2 kinds of solution, namely:
1) Emulsion, material together with water soluble solvent;
2) Suspension, materials not dissolved together with water solvent.
Shape This solution is usually given when the larvae with composition of raw materials main duck egg yolk or chicken with the additional vitamins and minerals.
2. Form of flour / meals
Used as the larvae feed until the seeds (aged 2-40 days). Flour obtained from the crumbs are destroyed or made the composition of the various sources of raw materials such as develop feed formulations, and usually given to the larvae until seed fish.
3. Form of grain / granules.
Seeds used as feed log (age 40-80 days). Meal also obtained from the crumb destroyed or made equal such as making the feed formulation full and shape made into granules.
4. Form crumbs / crumble.
Used as feed large log / fish responsibility (80-120 days old). Crumbs from pellets of crushed into granules rough.
5. Sheets / Flake.
Ordinary given in ornamental fish or marine fish and made of various materials tailored to the needs and at the time will be established can use the equipment printer to form sheets or simply by how to make the composition of feed then the composition of the various raw materials is made emulsion is then laid on the mat aluminum or zinc and dried, then knead.
6. Form of pellets sink / sinking.
Used for activities Freshwater fish rearing and sea water fish a habit of behavior behavior of the fish to swim in the waters.
Fish size that consume feed form of pellets varies from size of the mouth opening more than 2
mm the size of the pellets made his usual 50% ie 1 mm. Form of pellets can also be used as fish feed adults who already have weight> 60-75 g and aged > 120 days.
7. Form of pellets floating / floating.
Used for activities Freshwater fish rearing and sea water fish a habit of behavior behavior of the fish swimming in the surface waters. Fish size that consume feed form of pellets varies from
size of the mouth opening more than 2 mm the size of the pellets made his usual 50% ie 1
mm. Form of pellets can also be used as fish feed adults who already have weight> 60-75 g and aged > 120 days.
Types of fish feed based on water content can grouped into three namely:
1. The wet feed feed
water usually contains more than 50%. Wet feed usually feed consisting of fresh or frozen food, in the form of chopped or fish meat grinder no economic value. Type This feed is usually given to
parent-parent fish / shrimp, examples include wet feed is minced meat cum-spy or marine fish.
mm the size of the pellets made his usual 50% ie 1 mm. Form of pellets can also be used as fish feed adults who already have weight> 60-75 g and aged > 120 days.
7. Form of pellets floating / floating.
Used for activities Freshwater fish rearing and sea water fish a habit of behavior behavior of the fish swimming in the surface waters. Fish size that consume feed form of pellets varies from
size of the mouth opening more than 2 mm the size of the pellets made his usual 50% ie 1
mm. Form of pellets can also be used as fish feed adults who already have weight> 60-75 g and aged > 120 days.
Types of fish feed based on water content can grouped into three namely:
1. The wet feed feed
water usually contains more than 50%. Wet feed usually feed consisting of fresh or frozen food, in the form of chopped or fish meat grinder no economic value. Type This feed is usually given to
parent-parent fish / shrimp, examples include wet feed is minced meat cum-spy or marine fish.
2. Moist feed is the feed
ranging aqueous 20 -40%. Moist feed made as an alternative to feed a lot of wet among other shortcomings can be polluted waters and specific amino acid deficiency. This moist feed made with feed composition in accordance fish needs but in the process is not done drying, allowed to damp and stored in the form of a paste then frozen. But there This wet food is also made with the composition of fish pasteurized plus some additional adhesives, vitamins and minerals or silase fish were given a few composition of additives. Feed This moisture can be given to size of fish from the seed to the enlargement.
3. Ie dry feed feed
water contains less than 10%. This type of feed used used in fish culture intensively because highly easily in the process of distribution, storage and handling. Type of feed This can be made dry by various forms tailored to the needs fish and at every stage cultivation can be used dry feed was adjusted with the size and type of fish that will consume them.
Types of fish feed based on source can be grouped into two, namely natural feed and artificial feed. Types of fish feed based on contribution in producing weight gain can be grouped into two namely:
1. Supplementary Feed / feed
the feed supplement in contribution only produce weight less than 50%. Type This feed is usually made by the fish farmers with mixing a few ingredients standard regardless of protein that Nutritional content of this feed incomplete.
2. Complete Feed / full feed
the feed is in contribution to produce weight gain more than 50%. This type of feed usually is a dry feed with various forms in which composition of raw materials complete so that the content
protein feed is sufficient fish need to be consume.
By knowing the types of then feed the fish farmers can determine the type of feed will be adjusted to the fish to be maintained. Type artificial feed which will be discussed in this book is artificial feed which will be consumed by the fish the size of the parent, larvae or seeds according to the needs nutrients in the form of fish feed dry or moist. Artificial feed made in accordance with Nutritional requirements of fish will growth optimal for fish consume. Also feed
made himself a protein content and energy accordance with the needs of fish and has a lower price compared with buying artificial feed.
Feed is component of operational costs large enough in an attempt fish culture approximately 60% is the cost of feed. By so with a fish feed manufacturing competence expected to reduce costs production significantly. In making artificial feed The first step must done is done feed manufacturing planning artificial. Planning for manufacture of feed should be made carefully in order to feed the made in accordance with the needs of fish who consume them. The first knowledge that must be understood is the Nutritional content of artificial feed.
Nutritional contained in the artificial feed should consist of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. Composition feed nutrients contained in artificial feed is very specific to each size of fish. Quality feed artificial determined among others by quality raw materials available. This This caused other than nutritional value contained in raw materials should be appropriate with the needs of fish, also feed This made good sense favored fish, scent and others who can stimulate the fish.
Aquaculture Fisheries Development.
ranging aqueous 20 -40%. Moist feed made as an alternative to feed a lot of wet among other shortcomings can be polluted waters and specific amino acid deficiency. This moist feed made with feed composition in accordance fish needs but in the process is not done drying, allowed to damp and stored in the form of a paste then frozen. But there This wet food is also made with the composition of fish pasteurized plus some additional adhesives, vitamins and minerals or silase fish were given a few composition of additives. Feed This moisture can be given to size of fish from the seed to the enlargement.
3. Ie dry feed feed
water contains less than 10%. This type of feed used used in fish culture intensively because highly easily in the process of distribution, storage and handling. Type of feed This can be made dry by various forms tailored to the needs fish and at every stage cultivation can be used dry feed was adjusted with the size and type of fish that will consume them.
Types of fish feed based on source can be grouped into two, namely natural feed and artificial feed. Types of fish feed based on contribution in producing weight gain can be grouped into two namely:
1. Supplementary Feed / feed
the feed supplement in contribution only produce weight less than 50%. Type This feed is usually made by the fish farmers with mixing a few ingredients standard regardless of protein that Nutritional content of this feed incomplete.
2. Complete Feed / full feed
the feed is in contribution to produce weight gain more than 50%. This type of feed usually is a dry feed with various forms in which composition of raw materials complete so that the content
protein feed is sufficient fish need to be consume.
By knowing the types of then feed the fish farmers can determine the type of feed will be adjusted to the fish to be maintained. Type artificial feed which will be discussed in this book is artificial feed which will be consumed by the fish the size of the parent, larvae or seeds according to the needs nutrients in the form of fish feed dry or moist. Artificial feed made in accordance with Nutritional requirements of fish will growth optimal for fish consume. Also feed
made himself a protein content and energy accordance with the needs of fish and has a lower price compared with buying artificial feed.
Feed is component of operational costs large enough in an attempt fish culture approximately 60% is the cost of feed. By so with a fish feed manufacturing competence expected to reduce costs production significantly. In making artificial feed The first step must done is done feed manufacturing planning artificial. Planning for manufacture of feed should be made carefully in order to feed the made in accordance with the needs of fish who consume them. The first knowledge that must be understood is the Nutritional content of artificial feed.
Nutritional contained in the artificial feed should consist of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. Composition feed nutrients contained in artificial feed is very specific to each size of fish. Quality feed artificial determined among others by quality raw materials available. This This caused other than nutritional value contained in raw materials should be appropriate with the needs of fish, also feed This made good sense favored fish, scent and others who can stimulate the fish.
Aquaculture Fisheries Development.
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